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Typical Case of Offline Applications: Temporary Schools in Typhoon Disaster Areas of the Philippines
Created on 07.31
The Philippines, as a country frequently affected by typhoons (such as the super typhoon "Haiyan" in 2013 that caused widespread destruction), often employs off-grid solutions for temporary schools in post-disaster reconstruction to quickly restore education and ensure emergency power supply. The following are specific cases and technical details:
Case Background
Disaster event: Typhoon "Rai" in 2021 struck central Philippines (such as Bohol and Cebu), destroying hundreds of schools.
Demand:
(1) Quickly set up temporary teaching locations to prevent children from dropping out of school.
(2) Solve the problems of electricity, drinking water, and communication after the power grid paralysis.
Off-grid temporary school solution
1. Modular buildings + renewable energy supply
(1) Structural Design:
Use container or prefabricated light steel structure classrooms, wind-resistant design (can withstand a level 12 typhoon).
Rooftop integrated solar photovoltaic panels (e.g., 300W × 10 pieces, total 3kW system).
(2) Energy System:
Solar power generation + lithium battery storage (10kWh capacity, supports 3 days of cloudy weather endurance).
Spare small diesel generator (backup for extreme weather).
(3) Electric load:
LED lighting, fans, laptops/tablets (support digital textbooks).
Satellite Wi-Fi device (connect to the network when communication is interrupted after a disaster).
2. Mobile Solar Classroom (suitable for remote islands)
Design:
Foldable photovoltaic panels + trailer-mounted power box (such as SolarPOW portable system), transferred according to the needs of the disaster area.
Tent classroom equipped with solar lights (a single light can serve 30 students in the evening).
Case:
The Philippine Red Cross collaborates with UNICEF to deploy 20 mobile solar classrooms in Leyte, reaching 1,000 students.
3. Water and Sanitation Integration Plan
Rainwater collection: roof drainage + filtration device, providing non-potable water (flushing, cleaning).
Solar water pump: Draws water from nearby sources and supplies it for drinking after purification.
Technical Highlights
(1) Rapid Deployment:
Prefabricated modules can be completed within 72 hours (traditional reconstruction takes months).
(2) Energy-saving design:
Natural ventilation structure reduces air conditioning demand, photovoltaic directly drives DC devices (avoiding inverter losses).
(3) Toughness enhancement:
System anti-salt fog corrosion (island environment), battery compartment waterproof design.
Actual Effect
Education recovery: Classes resume within 2 weeks after the disaster to prevent children from being out of school for more than 6 months (traditional reconstruction periods are long).
Community features: At night, it serves as an emergency shelter, with solar power supporting mobile phone charging and medical equipment.
Challenges and Improvements
Cost: The initial investment is relatively high (about $15,000/classroom), but it is shared through international aid (such as the World Bank disaster fund).
Maintenance: Train local teachers in basic operations and maintenance (such as cleaning photovoltaic panels, switching to backup power).
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