Recently, six departments including the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology jointly issued a notice on "Organizing the Recommendation Work for National Green Data Centers in 2025," which clearly states that data centers must "actively utilize technologies such as energy storage and hydrogen energy, and have strong electricity load adjustment matching capabilities." The release of this policy signal marks the official transition of energy storage in data centers from an "optional choice" to a "mandatory requirement."

The policies intensively introduced at the national level are reshaping the landscape of the data center industry. According to the new regulations, recommended data centers should generally meet the second level or above of the "Green Data Center Evaluation" (GB/T 44989—2024), with a power usage effectiveness not exceeding 1.30. More critically, the rigid requirement that "the utilization rate of renewable energy such as wind power and photovoltaics should not be lower than the provincial consumption responsibility weight" forces data centers to seek support from energy storage technologies.

The deep-seated reason behind the policy shift is the astonishing energy consumption growth of the computing power industry. Data shows that the total scale of computing power in the country has an average annual growth rate of nearly 30% over the past five years. Even more severe is the demand for AI computing power—industry forecasts indicate that AI computing power grows tenfold every six months, and power supply has become the core bottleneck restricting AI development.

An expert participating in the policy discussion revealed the reality: "Energy storage systems will no longer just serve as backup power sources; they will become the core infrastructure for data centers to participate in grid regulation and achieve energy cost optimization."

Under the guidance of policies, a number of demonstration projects are accelerating their implementation across the country.

Ulanqab Data Center Low-Carbon Computing Power Base — This is the first data center integrated green electricity direct supply project in the country, which officially commenced operation in July 2025. The project adopts an integrated model of "source-grid-load-storage," integrating 200 megawatts of wind power, 100 megawatts of photovoltaic power, and is equipped with a 45 megawatt/180 megawatt-hour energy storage system.

After the project is put into operation, the annual power generation of wind and solar new energy can reach 848 million kilowatt-hours, equivalent to a reduction of approximately 480,000 tons of carbon dioxide emissions. Goldwind Technology provided 26 GWH221-7.7MW onshore wind turbines for this project, which have a continuous zero-voltage ride-through capability of 500 milliseconds, effectively ensuring the stringent requirements of the data center for power stability.

The Zhongjin Data Ulanqab Data Center low-carbon computing power base, as an important component of the "East Data West Computing" project, can reduce the AI computing power cost of this computing power base by more than 25% through the full-capacity operation of supporting renewable energy generation equipment, resulting in significant economic and green benefits.

On the technical level, major enterprises are also actively laying out their plans. Huawei has proactively proposed the concept of "computing and electricity synergy" in the "Top Ten Trends of Data Center Energy by 2025," believing that data centers need to be equipped with green electricity + energy storage, and through collaboration with the power grid, allow energy storage to participate in peak shaving and frequency regulation, combined with AI to achieve flexible load scheduling.

Looking globally, leading data centers and technology companies have already been actively laying out in the energy storage field.

Google has increased the utilization rate of green electricity to 93% through "energy storage + AI scheduling." This remarkable achievement showcases the tech giant's innovative capabilities in energy management.

Meta has signed a 300MW photovoltaic power supply agreement paired with a 300MW/1200MWh energy storage system at its data center in Arizona, USA. This large-scale integrated solar and storage project provides a replicable model for the industry.

Tesla's Powerpack system generates revenue by participating in grid frequency regulation, opening up a new business model for data center energy storage.

The financial report of energy storage supplier Fluence shows that 40% of energy storage orders in the United States are related to data centers. This data fully demonstrates the enormous potential of data center energy storage in the international market.

In the Middle East, EVE Energy faces the unique challenges of the stability of the Saudi power grid and high-temperature environments, and has launched dual commercial energy storage solutions: a high-rate 5MWh energy storage system, a 261kWh outdoor integrated cabinet, and an 836kWh split-module cabinet. Its 5MWh-315-1P energy storage system uses a stacked cell technology with lower internal resistance, which can achieve a system temperature difference of ≤5℃ and a Pack temperature difference of ≤3℃ under 1P high-power operating conditions, ensuring stable operation of the equipment in the high-temperature environment of Saudi Arabia.

In response to the different needs of data centers, energy storage technology is undergoing multiple upgrades and innovations.

Innovative Security Architecture: In response to the high-density power of 50kW/rack in data centers, Huawei has proposed a modular isolation architecture, increasing the fault isolation rate to 99.99%, and AI predictive maintenance has reduced fire risk by 80%.

Liquid cooling technology popularization: By 2025, the penetration rate of liquid cooling in data centers will exceed 40%. Huawei's continuous cooling technology ensures that the cooling interruption recovery time is ≤30 seconds.

Battery technology breakthroughs: Three major routes advancing - The price of all-vanadium flow battery systems has dropped to 2 yuan/Wh; Penghui Energy's semi-solid battery cycle life has exceeded 6000 times; CATL's automotive-grade sodium battery has entered data center applications.

Diverse technological routes: In addition to lithium-ion batteries, flywheel energy storage, supercapacitors, and other mechanical energy storage technologies are gradually penetrating the data center energy storage field. These technologies are particularly suitable for frequency modulation scenarios that require rapid charging and discharging, providing data centers with more flexible and diverse energy storage solutions.

Despite the bright prospects, the large-scale application of energy storage still faces practical obstacles.

Economic threshold: The initial investment in energy storage equipment accounts for a relatively high proportion of the total cost of the data center. For example, the initial cost of a liquid cooling energy storage system is 40% higher than that of traditional solutions. A 10MW data center paired with a 2MWh energy storage system sees an increase in initial investment of approximately 8 million yuan.

Technical integration bottlenecks: For example, the compatibility rate of communication protocols across brand devices is below 60%; the securitization rate of energy storage assets is less than 5%; the carbon accounting system has not yet covered energy storage charging and discharging scenarios.

Safety standards are lacking: Risks such as thermal runaway of lithium batteries and mechanical wear of flywheel energy storage may pose threats to the safe operation of data centers. Data centers have a "zero tolerance" policy towards safety issues.

Despite this, the data center energy storage market still has broad prospects. According to the prospectus of CATL's Hong Kong stock offering, the shipment volume of data center energy storage batteries is expected to grow at an annual rate of 76.3%, increasing from 10GWh in 2024 to 300GWh in 2030.

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