The Indonesian government has outlined a grand energy blueprint: over the next five years, deploy microgrid systems with a total scale of 80GW of photovoltaics and 320GWh of battery storage across 80,000 villages nationwide.The content you provided is already in English.

This means that on average, each village will have an independent energy system of "1MW photovoltaic + 4MWh energy storage".The content you provided is already in English.

However, compared to the equipment procurement that may slow down after the peak construction period, a more certain and long-lasting market is emerging—namely, the operation and maintenance (O&M) services that ensure the safe, stable, and efficient operation of these massive systems for the next 25 years or even longer.The content you provided is already in English.

The "Village Cooperative Million Photovoltaic Program" in Indonesia is not only a remarkable achievement in energy transition but has also, in an intangible way, created an unprecedented distributed energy operation and maintenance market.

This system is not a one-time consumable. According to the analysis by the Indonesian Institute for Basic Service Reform, its design and operational cycle lasts up to 25 years, with a levelized cost of electricity between $0.12 and $0.15 per kilowatt-hour, which is far more economical than diesel generation.The content you provided is already in English.

In order to support the operation of this large system, approximately 80,000 "Red and White Village Cooperatives" will be established nationwide, which are assigned the core responsibilities of microgrid operation and maintenance.This marks a fundamental shift in the responsibility of energy management from centralized entities such as the State Electricity Company (PLN) to decentralized local communities.。

This transformation has created a huge demand for human resources. According to IESR analysis, building a 1MW photovoltaic project with 4MWh of storage requires 30 to 50 workers with different skill levels within a 9 to 12 month period.The content you provided is already in English.

However, the reality is that Indonesia currently has very limited high-skilled and medium-skilled workers capable of constructing and maintaining photovoltaic and energy storage systems, and their distribution is uneven.The content provided is empty. Please provide the text you would like to have translated.

This highlights a core contradiction of the program: there is a huge gap between the ambitious hardware deployment goals and the weak long-term operational foundation.

Unlike centralized power stations, microgrids distributed across tens of thousands of islands highly rely on localized and specialized operation and maintenance capabilities for their sustainability. The challenges mainly come from three aspects:

Technical Complexity: Energy storage systems, especially lithium battery storage, are not "install and forget" devices. They require professional battery state monitoring, thermal management, balance maintenance, safety warnings, and performance optimization. In Indonesia's typical high-temperature and high-humidity climate, this places higher demands on the reliability of the system.The company has begun developing targeted products, such as the liquid-cooled energy storage container provided by Penghui Energy for the Indonesian market, which is designed to ensure the long-term stable operation of the system in high-temperature environments.The content you provided appears to be empty. Please provide the text you would like to have translated.

Human Resources Gap: This is the most severe challenge. Training tens of thousands of technical personnel who can competently perform operational and maintenance work over the long term is a task of immense scale and complexity.IESR clearly points out that Indonesia is currently facing a shortage of skilled labor in the construction and maintenance of solar energy and energy storage systems.The content you provided is already in English.

Geography and Coordination Challenges: Indonesia consists of more than 17,000 islands, with geography being extremely dispersed.This means that operational services must have extremely strong local accessibility, and at the same time, coordination across departments and regions has become exceptionally complex.The content you provided is already in English.

The case of Yuanjing Intelligent building the country's first large-scale photovoltaic + energy storage integrated project for a major power company in West Java Province indicates that addressing issues of grid stability, operational complexity, and system integration relies on a unified intelligent control system.The content you provided is already in English.

The energy transition roadmap for Indonesia's islands has already indicated an urgent demand for specialized operation and maintenance services.

Taking Bali as an example, its goal is to achieve net zero emissions by 2045, planning to deploy up to 54 GWh of battery storage systems by 2045.Such a large-scale energy storage cluster inevitably requires a set of matching, highly specialized, and intelligent operation and maintenance system to ensure its reliability.

The strategy for Sulawesi Island is to build a multi-level flexibility system, in which battery storage is responsible for daily peak shaving.This means that energy storage systems will have frequent charge and discharge cycles, which places higher demands on battery life decay management and daily maintenance.

These regional practices collectively indicate a direction: as the penetration rate of renewable energy increases, the demand for energy storage and its supporting operation and maintenance services will grow exponentially.Operational maintenance is no longer a marginal cost, but a core investment to ensure the economic efficiency and reliability of the entire energy system.

Facing this undeveloped blue ocean, different types of participants each have their advantages:

Chinese energy storage companies: With rich project experience in the fields of photovoltaics and energy storage, a mature operation and maintenance system, and competitive cost control capabilities, they can provide a full-chain solution from intelligent monitoring platforms to on-site services. Their practices in large projectsIt has accumulated a technical foundation for managing distributed systems.

Indonesian local energy service company: possesses an unparalleled local network, community relationships, and territorial service capabilities, making it a key force in executing "last mile" on-site operations and maintenance.

International energy giants and technology companies: may provide advanced solutions in high-end data analytics, artificial intelligence predictive maintenance, and integrated energy management platforms.

The successful "night watchman" of the future is likely not a single role, but rather an ecosystem composed of leading technology providers, local service partners, and professional training systems. The establishment of this ecosystem is not only related to commercial interests but will also directly determine whether Indonesia's grand rural energy revolution can truly succeed and whether green electricity can continue to illuminate the future of the archipelago for the next 25 years.